I am so happy that God looks at the penitent heart above all things and the life we live based on the light we have received. I came across this explanation of what happened to the baptismal formula from a former Catholic who studied Christianity and Islam. It would have been great to have a perspective from Judaism as well.
The Gospel of Matthew is believed to have been composed between 80 - 90 AD.
This is an ongoing controversy since the fourth century. The Trinitarian belief and baptism in the Trinitarian formula has become an entrenched dogmatic belief amongst Christians. To even suggest otherwise, would have resulted in death at the stakes as an heretic in the middle ages and beyond.
No known manuscripts written in the 2nd, 3rd centuries are available today to make comparisons. There is an absence of 300 years between the original and the available manuscripts. Baptism in the three fold name appears in two of the earliest manuscripts, the Sinaiticus and Vaticanus of the 4th century.
It is believed by some that third century manuscripts of Matthew in the Greek, from which translations were made into Latin may be stored in the vaults of the Vatican. To what extent that may be true, I do not know.
An early church father Eusebius, the Bishop of Caesarea in his writings quotes Matthew 28:19 several times, but does not quote it as it appears in Matthew 28:19. He writes that Jesus said ‘baptise in my name”. .
Dr G. Reckart of the Apostolic Theological Bible College, claims that there is evidence which indicates that changes were made to Matthew 28:19.
The Hebrew Matthew Gospel is a manuscript that was preserved by the Jews from the third century. It is handwritten in Hebrew. It is referred to as the Shem Tov’s Hebrew Matthew’s Gospel. In the Shen Tov manuscripts, the text at Matthew 28:19 does not contain the trinitarian formula for baptism, and this raises the suspicion that this was a later addition.
In the Bible Catechism “Meaning for Man’s Existence” and the new Revised Vatican II Bible and Life Today edition, the Catholic Church declares that the baptismal formula changed from the name of Jesus to the trinitarian formula in the fourth century. It states that Christians in the first 300 years baptised in the name of Jesus.
The James Moffett New Testament translation, footnote on page 64 reads as follows: “It may be that this formula, so far as the fulness of expression is concerned, is a reflection of the (Catholic) liturgical usage was established later in the primitive community. It will be remembered that Acts speaks of baptising in Jesus’s name”.
The New Revised Standard Version, regarding Matthew 28: 19 states as follows: “Modern critics claim this formula is falsely ascribed to Jesus and it represents later church tradition, for nowhere in the Book of Acts is baptism performed with the name of the Trinity formula”.
Dr. Peake in his Bible Commentary 1991, page 723, states as follows: “The command to baptise into the three fold name is a late doctrinal expansion. Instead of the words baptising them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, we should probably read simply ‘into my name’”.
The Catholic Encyclopedia II, page 263 admits that the baptismal formula was changed from the name of Jesus Christ to the words Father, Son and Holy Spirit by the Catholic Church. This is also allegedly confirmed by the New Testament study guide number 5 of the Catholic University of America in Washington D.C. in 1923.
The Tyndale New Testament Commentary 1, on page 275 states: “It is often affirmed that the words of Jesus in the name of the Father, and the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, are not the ‘ipisissima verba’ of Jesus, but a later Liturgical addition”.
https://www.quora.com/Is-there-any-evidence-that-Matthew-28-19-baptise-in-the-name-of-the-Father-Son-and-the-Holy-Spirit-a-later-insertion-into-the-Gospel